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To become an expert on any area you have to learn and practice, be trained and need to sharpen your skills all the time. Definitely, it’s true that to become a Blockchain developer you must do the same. Now let’s see what needed skills that you should equip yourself:
Blockchain architecture
Blockchain developers must have a full understanding of blockchain, including how it works and how the network architecture supports its functionality. They should be well versed in concepts such as cryptography, hash functions, distributed ledgers, smart contracts, decentralized applications and any other concepts integral to understanding blockchain's inner workings. Developers should also be familiar with the different types of consensus algorithms -- such as proof of work or proof of stake -- as well as with the four types of blockchain architecture: consortium, private, public and hybrid.
Cryptography
Effective cryptography is essential to ensuring a secure blockchain environment and preventing people from tampering with individual transactions. Developers should have a strong foundation in cryptographic concepts and practices, including wallets, keys, digital signatures and symmetric/asymmetric encryption. They should know how to use public key cryptography to prevent unauthorized access to data and understand the differences between cryptographic hash functions such as SHA-256 and Keccak-256. Developers should also understand the differences between permissioned blockchains and permissionless blockchains, the pros and cons of each one and how to implement both types on a blockchain network.
Data structures
The entire blockchain network consists of data structures. Each block is a type of data structure that clusters transactions for the distributed ledger. Because blockchain developers must routinely work with data structures, they should understand how those structures are designed and how a blockchain network uses them. They should also be familiar with the various types of data structures, such as graphs, heaps, hash trees, linked lists and Merkle trees. In addition, developers should know how to access, search and modify the data within those structures and work with the metadata in a block's header.
Smart contracts
Smart contracts are self-executing digital contracts that enable two parties to exchange goods or services without an intermediary. Now a staple of blockchain implementations, they ensure that all terms of the agreements between parties are met. Because smart contracts have become such an integral part of blockchain networks, developers should have a thorough understanding of what they are and how they enforce business logic. In addition, they should know how to design, build and test them in a way that ensures they can carry out the terms of the agreement. Blockchain developers should also be familiar with the programming languages commonly used for smart contracts, such as Vyper, Solidity or Chaincode.
Web development
Blockchain and web development go hand in hand, especially with blockchain's emphasis on decentralized applications. Blockchain developers should also be web developers who are experienced in all aspects of web development. They should have a comprehensive understanding of the technologies that support web applications. They should also know what it takes to design, develop, optimize and secure those applications. Blockchain web applications must be efficient and user-friendly, without negatively affecting performance on the blockchain network, and it's up to the web developer to ensure that happens.
Distributed systems
At its core, blockchain is a DLT that relies on an efficient and dependable network architecture that can support decentralized applications and smart contracts, whether running on permissioned blockchains or permissionless blockchains. Blockchain developers should understand how distributed systems work in a peer-to-peer network. Because these systems have no central authority, they require careful communication and coordination to avoid any single point of failure and ensure that the consensus mechanism can properly control all transactions.
Programming languages
Blockchain technologies often use different programming languages, depending on the platforms used to implement the blockchain environments. Although developers can't be experts in every language, they should be proficient in some of the more common languages used for blockchain development, such as Java, C++, Python and JavaScript, as well as the development languages used for building smart contracts. In general, developers should have a strong foundation in object-oriented programming and be familiar with an assortment of development libraries and frameworks.
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